2012 Syiah Kuala University Tsunami and Disaster Mitigation Research Center (TDMRC) and Kobe University Research Center for Urban Safety and Security (RCUSS) held a two-day workshop on Sumatra Tsunami Disaster and Reconstruction on December 4th & 5th, 2012 at Hyogo Building Syiah Kuala University Campus Banda Aceh Indonesia. The objectives of the workshop were:
-To report on field trips and reconnaissance studies undertaken by several international experts to the tsunami-affected areas,
-To discuss the current conditions related to the reconstruction in Aceh, and
-To identify mitigation approaches to incorporate in the reconstruction process in Aceh.
One important objective of the workshop is to discuss a framework for scientific and technical support to the reconstruction based on a collaborative undertaking between international organizations, national experts and local resources partnering with key agencies and organizations involved in the reconstruction.
The first agenda of the 2012 AIWST-DR is a continuation of the international workshop organized by Syiah Kuala University of Banda Aceh which has been started in 2006 and jointly organized by Kobe University after the 2004 December Sumatra Tsunami disaster that has stricken many countries around the Indian Ocean. This international workshop aims to integrate all the efforts of the 2004 Indian Ocean or Sumatra tsunami hit countries to promote better recovery and reconstruction, and to share the knowledge of not only scientific and engineering but also of socio-economic, medical, cultural, educational, and other aspects related to disaster risk reduction based on the Disaster. Through a continuous workshop over a decade, it is hope that a sound strategy for "Building Back Better" from a catastrophic disaster is to be implemented in those cities and countries hit by disaster.
The first day of the seminar will be devoted to multi-disciplinary reconnaissance reports from international experts, experts from Japan, Central/Local Goverment, Syiah Kuala University representatives and ex-JICA group trainees on "DRR Strategy for Urban Earthquake" that was organized by Kobe Univ. & JICA Hyogo from 2004 to 2011.
Program:
Welcome address from Organizing Committee, TDMRC (Director Dr. M. Dirhamsyah), Kobe University Prof. Yasuo Tanaka, Deputy Rector of Syiah Kuala University ( Prof.Dr.Darusman)
Keynote Speech: Lecture on Recovery Status of Banda Aceh over the past 8 years- Dr. Moh. Hanief Arie Setianto Deputi II UKP-PPP
Panel Session I: Recovery studies on the recent Great East Japan EQ & Tsunami
Prof. Yoshimitsu Shiozaki (A Sudy on the 2011 GEJET recovery )
Prof. Yasuo Tanaka (A Study on the 2011 GEJET regarding Recovery & Reconstruction of Infrastructures)
Dr. Eiko Ishikawa (A Study on the 2011 GEJET recovery)
Dr. Akira Miyasada (A Study on the 2011 GEJET recovery)
Panel Session II: Recovery studies on the Indian Ocean Tsunami
Dr. M. Dirhamsyah on TDMRC
Dr. Ir. Indra, M. P./Dr. Ir. Agussabti, M. Si./Dr. Nazamuddin, Se. E. (Socio-Economic Recovery of Aceh after 8 years eartquake and tsunami disaster)
Ninil R.M. Jannah (Education and Comunity Recovery in Indonesia)
Dr. Togu Pardede (post-tsunami village and community development)
Panel Session III: Recovery studies on other disasters Dr. Khairul Munadi
Dr. Kambod Amini Hosseini (A review on challenges and experiences in temporary housing and recovery in recent earthquakes of Iran)
Dr. Alpaslan Kuzucuoglu (A review on Turkey’s recovery from the 1999 Turkey Earthquake & DRR)
Dr. Davis Fuentes (A review on Chile's recovery from the 2010 Chile Earthquake & DRR)
Dr. Teuku Faisal Fathani (Review on recovery of Merapi disaster and early warning system for landslide)
The workshop was open to all organizations, institutions and professionals who are involved or have a keen interest to contribute to the reconstruction of the Tsunami affected area, and in particular to Banda Aceh.
Japanese researchers presented about “Recovery studies on the recent Great East Japan EQ & Tsunami”. They explained general information about Great Hanshin Awaji EQ (Mw 6,9) and GEJET (Mw 9.0). They also emphasized temporary and permanent housing activities, planning issue (relocating households etc.) , economic development and education. The group tried to explore possibilities for making its knowledge and expertise available to agencies in charge of the disaster management and to transfer this knowledge to national and local experts.
Temporary housing and permanent housing in Japan after disaster.
Ex-JICA participants from Turkey, Iran and Chile presented Turkey Kocaeli (1999) and others (Düzce, Van) Earthquakes, Iran Bam (2003) and other Earthquakes (Manjil-Roudbar, Ardabil, Ghaen, Avaj, Silakhor), Chile Earthquake
Regarding to Indonesia Scale, Officials presented recent disaster which occured in Indonesia. (Aceh tsunami (2005), Alor Earthquake (2005), Yogyakarta Earthquake (2006), Hot mud eruption Sidoarjo-LAPINDO (2006), Jakarta flooding (February 2007) and recovery plans.
The earthquake was caused by subduction and triggered a series of devastating tsunamis along the coasts of most landmasses bordering the Indian Ocean, killing over 230,000 people in fourteen countries, and inundating coastal communities with waves up to 30 meters (98 ft) high. It was one of the deadliest natural disasters in recorded history. Indonesia was the hardest-hit country, followed by Sri Lanka, India, and Thailand. (Paris, R.; Lavigne F., Wassimer P. & Sartohadi J. (2007)
Massive destruction occured along 800 coastal line. Damage assesment was: 635.384 people displaced, 127.720 people killed and 93.285 missing, 139.195 houses destroyed, 22 sea ports, 119 bridges, 2.618 km roads, 669 government buildings, 3.415 school buildings, 517 health centers, 1.089 religious facilities destroyed, 20.000 ha fish ponds, 13.828 fishing boats destroyed, 73.869 ha agriculture land, 104.500 SMEs, 167.228 students lost their schools, 1.927 teachers died. Indonesian officials from Central/Local Goverment and Researchers emphasize recovery activities after disasters which struck Indonesia.
Roundtable Session:
Representatives of the various agencies and institutions regroup for a round table discussion aimed:
-10th year Commeration of Indian Ocean tsunami Disaster
-Continuation AIWEST DR and developing a framework for collaborative participation.
The second day site visiting is organized. Participants visited tsunami affected areas and examined recovery activities.
Kapal di Atas Rumah-Lampulo: The erathquake and tsunami disaster of 26th of december 2004 destroyed whole infrastuctures in Banda Aceh,and because of the tsunami wave, a wooden boat was in dock area in Krueng Aceh River in Lampulo. The wooden boat has 25 m length, 5.5 m. Width and 20 tons of weight. The earthquake and tsunami disaster has stranded the boat to the housing in Lampulo, which was approximately located 1 km away from the dock area. 56 people survived in the boat because of this incident. Municipality designed around it as open air memorial park.
Baiturrahman Grand Mosque: The Mosque is Aceh’s inheritance from the Sultan Iskandar Muda era. It was built in 1612. The tsunami waves that struck Aceh submerged the mosque. While buildings nearby were heaviliy damaged, The Grand Mosque sustained only minor damages and was a refuge fort he thousands who fled to safety.
Museum Tsunami Aceh: The Museum in memorail of the tsunami, which took approximately 240.000 victims in Nanggroe Aceh Darusselam on 26 December 2004. Detailed planning fort he tsunami monument and site started in august 2006 and the museum was built on approximately 10.000 square meters of land located near center of Banda Aceh with a budget of US $ 14.000.000.
PLTD Apung: This electricity generator barge was docked at the Ulee Lheue port when the tsunami lifted it off the shore and it landed in a crowded housing settlement at Gampong Punge Blang Cut. The wave carried this 2.500 ton, 1600 m2 vessel four kilometers inland.
From the top of the vessel, visitors can spot the BMW “edu park”, set up to provide interactive tsunami education to locals. The 4500 square meter park is equipped wwith tools that educate the people about tsunami and tell the sequence of a tsunami in a clear and understandable manner. This park clearly contributes to the effort of a community based early warning system.
Kuburan Massal: Mass Grave is visited by participants. Several areas were selected for mass graves. During the first few days in the aftermath the disaster there was an urgent need to bury the remains of the dead. These mass grave sites dedicated to tsunami vistims.
Syiah Kuala University Tsunami and Disaster Mitigation Research Center (TDMRC): TDMRC is a center for data, information, research work and consultation on all aspects of disaster to help increase disaster preparedness among the Acehnese people. This research facility aims to anticipate future tsunami along the Aceh coast and was established by the provincial goverment and run by Syiah Kuala University. In addition, the TDMRC facilities act as an escape building in case of tsunami and related disasters. There are five other escape building areas, located in Pidie, Lhokseumawe, Bireuen, Aceh Jaya and West Aceh.
Tsunami Height Memorial Poles: Memorial Poles indicate tsunami waves location and height of tsunami waves. This Project carried out by Japan Earthquake and Tsunami Team (JETT). Measuring ground height and position by barometer and GPS device. And also some education programs are organized with this project.
Buddha Tsuchi New Housing Project: Chinese-Indonesian Friendship Village”. Whereas much housing has been reconstructed on the devastated plain, the idea of this village must have been to rebuild out of reach of any future tsunami. The hillside looked stony and infertile and must have been uninhabited before. The new village has been well implemented, complete with roads, electricity and water supply. Indonesia-China Friendship Village located on the hill of Desa Neuheun in Mesjid Raya sub-district, Aceh Besar, about 17 kilometers from Banda Aceh. The government of China built 606 Type 42 houses on 22.4 hectares of land. The residents of the village lost their homes in the tsunami on 26 December 2004, and come from various professional and ethnic backgrounds, including fishermen, becak (motorbike pedicab) drivers, traders, employees, and entrepreneurs
Mesjid Raya: Various housing being constructed in this area. It is located about 17 kilometers from Banda Aceh. Permanent housing projects and residentual problems are examined.
Mangrove Planting Project: By the tsunami in 2004 human lives, homes were lost, educational and economic structures were destroyed, and one hundred percent of the local fish ponds and mangrove forests were destroyed or heavily damaged. As a result, a large portion of the population lost their livelihoods and income. The mangrove ecosystem was in fair condition and covered a large area before the tsunami, but was completely destroyed after. All (100%) of the mangrove forests were lost, swept away by the tsunami. According to respondents from the community, small fish, shrimp, crabs, scallops, and oysters were easily obtained when there was a mangrove forest (before the tsunami), but are very difficult to obtain now. During rehabilitation and reconstruction, environmental repairs were conducted, including the planting of mangroves in coastal areas
2012 AIWEST –DR DECLARATION
Memorandum of Understanding
The -7th Annual International Workshop and Expo on Sumatra Tsunami Disaster and Recovery (AIWEST-DR) 2012 was successfully held at Syiah Kuala University in Banda Aceh, Indonesia on December 4th 2012. Following three technical sessions during the day, a round table meeting is held to discuss the future action of AIWEST-DR and necessary activities to promote DRR ( Disaster Risk Reduction).
We, the participants of the round table meeting, encourage the Tsunami and Disaster Mitigation Research Center (TDMRC) of Syiah Kuala University to follow-up further activities to promote DRR based on the 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami disaster.
Further we would like try to support the TDMRC to take the following follow-up action plans for DRR;
1. Endorsing TDMRC to organize the future AIWEST DR program to be held at least annually by 2014 depending on the available resources, with the aims:
To share experience, knowledge and lesson learnt about the disaster risk management from the Sumatran tsunami disaster among the other earthquake and tsunami-disaster-prone countries that will make difference for future mitigation strategy.
To share experience on disaster preparedness through educational system in the earthquake and tsunami-disaster-prone countries. To enhance public awareness on how to survive the tsunami disaster and to take into account the evacuation strategy, including for city transport as well as for children, elderly and disable people.
To share experiences on technological development on building either temporary shelter or permanent housing that meet the condition of the earthquake-prone and tsunami-prone area.
To promote the concept of monitoring and early warning system that are decentralized so local government can have direct control to the disaster preparedness. To expand the networking of internet training as a tool for early warning system among the stakeholders involved in disaster preparedness actions, as well as to enhance public awareness on disaster mitigation strategy.
To maintain Science-based disaster risk management strategy and to inform the output of AIWEST DR to the responsible government representatives in order to make the disaster management strategy can be well-implemented.
To follow up the results of scientific discussion during the AIWEST DR 2012 into declaration to continue supporting the scientific-based and contextual to the socio-economic and cultural background that can be understandable to the society.
2. Endorsing TDMRC to organize the 10th year Indian Ocean tsunami commemoration as the momentum to look back on the success and failure story of the past 10 years of the iconic tsunami event of the 21st Century, through the following potential action plans:
To assign task force and to propose the precise activity plan for the 10th commemoration of tsunami December 2004 (within 3 (three) months)
To use the momentum to suggest the ‘National Day’ of Sumatra Tsunami disaster and to make the memorial day to be part of the educational curriculum for school children and society. To develop annual drill program.
To engage the national and provincial government in financing the commemoration as the follow up of the Yogyakarta declaration on the 5th AMCDRR.
To organize conference that invites all stakeholders involved during the tsunami disaster rehabilitation and reconstruction.
To initiate (mangrove) tree plantations as a means of coastal protection that will represent the number of the tsunami disaster victims as the way to pass the tsunami education to the next generation.
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